Specter Spelunker Shrinks has instant death, but many checkpoints. I find the shrink and growth mechanic intriguing.
REDDER is an open world platformer. As you collect crystals, the game's sound and graphics start (intentionally) glitching out. While there is instant death, jumps were never too difficult and warp points were always nearby. The game is more about navigating and changing switches.
I had a hard time finding a decent video. This one appears to be going a bit fast and doesn't have sound.
Then, of course, there's the IGF award winner, Continuity. The focus in on solving sliding puzzles. You can get killed, but you'll respawn in the same tile so it's not especially frustrating.